Katie Henry On Writing Humor During the Pandemic

Mindy:         Welcome to Writer Writer Pants on Fire, where authors talk about things that never happened to people who don't exist. We also cover craft, the agent hunt, query trenches, publishing, industry, marketing and more. I'm your host, Mindy McGinnis. You can check out my books and social media at mindymcginnis dot com and make sure to visit the Writer Writer Pants on Fire blog for additional interviews, query critiques and more as well as full transcriptions of each podcast episode. at WriterWriterPants on Fire.com. And don’t forget to check out the Writer, Writer, Pants on Fire Facebook page. Give me feedback, suggest topics you’d like to hear discussed, and let me know if there is someone you’d love to see a a guest.

Mindy: We're here with Katie Henry, who is the author of multiple books. Her most recent release is Gideon Green in Black and White, which is actually her first mystery. So you have jumped genres and even switched mediums, which is, I think really important to being a writer and surviving in the industry is the ability to be adaptable. So why don't you talk a little bit about where you've been and what you've done, and how you've changed over the course of your career. 

Katie: I started out my writing life as a playwright back in high school because I was a theater kid, but I was a mediocre singer, dancer and actor. So you gotta do something. I decided what I would do was right plays, and I had a fantastic time doing that. I ended up going to college for playwriting, which if anyone is considering that, was a lot of fun, but not a whole lot of job opportunities after graduation for that. I had a fantastic time being a playwright, and I think the experience of going to art school and having that workshop experience was invaluable in learning how to take feedback and also give feedback that would be helpful to others. So I graduated with a degree in Playwriting. Job opportunities were limited there. I realized that I had been, throughout the course of college, I had only been writing about teenagers. Most of my classmates did not exclusively write about 16-year-olds in their plays. But I did. I've spent all this time writing about teenagers, maybe I should try writing for them. And I loved YA when I was a teenager, so I started reading it again, fell in love with it all over again, and decided that I wanted to try writing YA. And I wanted to try writing novels. That is basically how I got here.

Mindy:   I had to laugh a little bit to myself when you were talking about following what you love and doing what you want and getting your degree in the thing that matters to you, and then finding out you can't get a job. That's a real thing. My listeners are probably hearing this. I double majored in English literature, philosophy and religion. I learned so much, I am over-educated and unemployable. I had no desire to teach, no desire to go into any type of teaching English or any type of ministry. Both of those degrees without going on for your master's are fairly useless. I say that like tongue in cheek. Communication and empathy and all of the things that are absolutely critical to being a good writer, were all buried in there, but on a resume, I am not qualified to do much at all.

Katie: It's funny you bring up religion and philosophy, my first two books were about religion, which again, is not a super marketable topic for YA. Though I think that's changing, there are a lot more books that talk about faith and have religious protagonists or people figuring out their faith. But just like you said, doing what you love, and even once you are in a writing career, leaning into the stuff that really matters to you makes all the difference.

Mindy:   It can be hard and it can be discouraging. I actually had a long conversation last night, so I just read a book called Like, Comment, Subscribe by Mark Bergen. It is essentially the history of YouTube, and I read it out of curiosity. It was sent to me as an advanced copy and first of all, it's incredible. Everyone should read it, it's fascinating. Secondly, my initial reaction to it, my emotional reaction to it was that I got very angry. And it's not that there's no talent involved, there is talent involved, but when your job is to do un-boxing videos, this is my kid playing with a toy… I'm not saying that there's no talent involved in this, and it certainly is a time suck, but early adopters to YouTube, they were making 7 million a year. Why aren't I doing that? 

And those people get burnt out and they're working very hard and their entire private life has to be public, so I understand that there is an exchange. Don't get me wrong, but I was talking to someone about mediocrity kind of being the king of content these days and producing new content over and over and over, something just slightly different. I was just having a particularly pessimistic day as well, so I will add that, but I was definitely hitting a point where I work every day and I work so hard, and I'm sure that you do too. And I feel burnt out, and I am always trying to say the right thing or find an important topic, or be meaningful, or create art for lack of a better word, and it's like… I should just have a foot channel on Only Fans because I have great feet. I could make so much more money. Very often when we talk about the things that we love, like, these are our degrees. We wanna create art, and we want to do something meaningful. But at the same time, man, being a sell-out sounds awesome.

Katie: Yeah, it would be so great if what we found personally meaningful was also extremely lucrative. That hasn't happened to me yet, but fingers crossed. Here's hoping.

Mindy:   Is it something that you struggle with as a writer, where you sit down and you write one sentence and you're like… is that sentence right and you're just kind of staring at it?

Katie: It definitely is, and I think it is a lot more so now, when I know that a book is going to be out in the world. When it's part of a larger deal, and I know that not only does the sentence exist on my computer, but it may very well exist in a real book that actual people will read and write reviews of on Good Reads. That definitely makes me think in a way that is sometimes kind of paralyzing about - is this right? Is it doing enough? Is it saying enough? 

Mindy:   Me too, I'm very critical of myself, but I think that is of course what makes us get better all the time, continuously. When you're writing, do you write out of a place where you want to alleviate what I feel is a pretty low bar these days for entertainment, but also art? Do you want to write to that? Or are you writing for yourself? Are you writing for your readers? What are your goals personally, when you're creating?

Katie: I think I definitely write for myself first 'cause I have experience writing for someone else, it's just not as much fun and it's not as fulfilling. And if you were gonna sit down and write a 80,000-word book, you better be getting something out of it, or that is just gonna be a slog. I definitely am always writing the kinds of things that I enjoy, the kinds of things that I would want to read. Going back to what you said about writing now, this is a particularly hard time. I feel like I'm also writing with a sense of, How can I make the world just a little bit better? A little bit less bleak, in this time? All my books have varied in tone, they've all been funny or... I hope they’ve been funny. That's been the intention. And so particularly when you're writing humor, that's what you're setting out to do. I am always looking for, How could I make someone’s day a little bit more enjoyable in a time that seems particularly hard?

Mindy:   I write super dark. I write issues, I write to topics, my goal is to reach the person that also thinks about these things or experiences these things to get that feeling of, Oh, okay, I am not a freak for thinking this way, or I am not alone for feeling this way. And that brings its own form of relief. But I wanna come back to talking about humor because I think right now... Yes, we need it. It's so important. People need to laugh. And so when I say disparaging things about social media, YouTube, TikTok, whatever... Believe me, I'm on it, don't get me wrong. I am a consumer, so I'll watch cats missing their jumps for three hours, this is me.

Katie: There's nothing better.

Mindy:   My hang-up comes from the incredible amount of money that can be made that I can't. I think that's where my anger comes from.

Katie: It's not an even distribution.

Mindy:   So anyway, coming back to humor and Writing humor, I think that's the hardest thing to do. I can make someone cry. I can make you cry pretty easily, making someone laugh–I feel like that's always a pot shot.

Katie: You know, it's so interesting that you say that 'cause I felt the complete opposite way. I discovered that I liked writing humor when I was a teenage playwright. And when you're a playwright and you're sitting in the back of a theater, it's really hard to tell how the audience is experiencing your work unless they are audibly crying or unless they're laughing. It was much harder, at least for me, to make people cry, and a lot easier to make people laugh. I love that instantaneous reaction that lets me know that I have communicated with other human beings through my words. I think that's why I have always gravitated towards humor.

Mindy:   There is an amazing reward in making someone laugh. Yeah, you're speaking about your audience. I do public speaking, and even though I talk about my books and my books are not funny, my presentations always are, because I think, especially when you're speaking to teens, you have to be entertaining. And what amazes me is that I can take the same presentation and I've done them hundreds of times, I can deliver it the same way, I have the same slide saying the same lines and delivering the same jokes, nothing is changing. And there are days when I am murdering it and everyone is laughing and I'm getting DMs and tweets and emails, and people are like, Oh my God, that was amazing. You're fantastic. And then there are times when I'm up there… and there's nothing worse than pausing for the laugh that doesn't come.

Katie: Oh, yeah, absolutely. I think I almost thrive in that kind of chaos. Humor is so subjective and chaotic in that way, where you just do not know, it is hard to figure out what is going to be objectively funny and whether it's going to hit with anyone, much less a larger readership. I kind of like that challenge to be like, How can I take something that I think is funny and punch it up so that the greatest number of people will possibly find it funny? And just knowing that you can't get everyone, you will never get everyone, and sometimes people will hate your humor so much. It's actually gratifying in a different way because you have made a connection, just not the one that you intended to. 

Mindy:   I agree completely. If I can make you feel something, and I get emails, 'cause my books are hard and people die, and I get emails all the time, and people will be like, I am pissed at you. And I'm like, That's cool. The tagline for this podcast is, our job is to make people care about things that never happen to people that don't exist. And if I can make you very, very upset over the death of a person that never was alive in the first place, and if you're pissed at me about it. That's awesome, I've done my job.

Katie: Yeah, that is such a victory.

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Mindy:   Starting out with humor, that's where you were, and then you've moved forward into writing a mystery, which of course doesn't exclusively mean that you're not including humor anymore. But talk to me about that jump, talk to me about changing up there.

Katie: So it definitely is a comedic mystery. I actually think it's one of my funnier books. That was really important to me to include because something that I find is that the two genres that I feel are closest connected, and this is going to sound very weird, are horror and humor. And so thriller and mystery is included in that too, but they're both based on the element of surprise. Things make us laugh when they surprise us and things scare us when they surprise us too. And human beings love being surprised, even if we say that we don't. We love it. I went into that knowing that I wanted it to be funny and knowing that I wanted to carry some of the other things that I had done previously in more straight contemporary novels into this. But really working with the mystery element, it was really, really difficult to transition. I really love mysteries, I love reading them, and I very naively thought that that meant that I would be good at writing one. And I think eventually I did just get there, but it was a struggle. Mystery makes you level up, I feel like, and that is one of the reasons that I wanted to do it.

This is my fourth book, and I always wanna be growing as an author. If I'm lucky enough to have another book, I always wanna be doing something new and challenging myself, and I felt like every aspect of writing a mystery from the plotting to making sure there's still a character arc, and particularly in revision, when changing things, it means everything changes and clues have to be completely rearranged. It just asked me to be a better writer, a better collaborator with my editor, too. While it definitely was a challenge, I ultimately feel like I'm a much better writer for having tried it.

Mindy:   So talk to me about your process. Are you a planner? Are you a pantser?

Katie: I am such a pantser, which is another reason that a mystery was a real challenge because you can't just go into a completely flying blind. I mean, you can... And I definitely did. But at some point, you have to know where you're going. I always pretend that I'm a plotter. I feel like I lie to people, particularly my editor about that. I turn in the five-page outline, and then by the time he gets the first draft it is completely different, which he's always very cool with, which is nice. Pantsing entirely, it does not quite work for Mystery. In the same way though, I'm glad I kind of did that as a first draft because it allowed me to discover aspects to the story and to the characters that I might not have gotten if I had plotted it out more carefully as I probably should have.

Mindy:   So for the sake of the listening audience, Kaite and I actually share an editor. Our editor is Ben Rosenthal of Katherine Tegen Books. I think he's probably very accustomed to this kind of working relationship because I have turned in synopsis and outlines, and he just knows that that's just kind of what the concept might be, and I'm gonna turn in something similar in the same vein in about six months. 

Katie: And you'll have to stop me or This will turn into the Ben Rosenthal appreciation hour, but it sounds like we have a pretty similar working relationship where he gives us authors just a lot of space to discover what the book is without locking in too early. And is generally just very adaptable in what a story can be and where it can go, which I really appreciate. I feel like I don't figure out what the book is about until, I don't know, the second draft, at least.

Mindy:   I think that's fair. And I agree, Ben is wonderful. I've worked with Ben on, I think nine or 10 books now. Yeah, so we have a really good working relationship. I actually bristle when people ask me what my editor makes me change and I get almost angry about it. No, my editor is awesome, and that's not what an editor does, and you are misunderstanding the role of an editor. And for anybody that questions that, there are plenty of horror stories about editors out there, but I can say I've worked with three or four, and Ben the most often, and I've never had the experience of sending a book off and having it come back to me and the editor saying, Okay, this is what's wrong, and this is exactly how you fix it, or I fixed it for you. That's not what an editor does. And Ben is particularly good at saying, you gave me this, these are your strengths and this is the strength of this manuscript, these are the areas where it needs to work, and here are some ideas from me that I think could be utilized, and of course, I realize that you can just absolutely ignore everything I have to say and find your own way.

Katie: Yeah, yeah, I think a lot of aspiring authors or early stage career authors think of editors and even agents as sort of their bosses, and what you really quickly discover is they're not your boss. They are your collaborator, they are here to help you achieve your vision and that ultimately, this is your book, because when it's on a bookshelf, it's gonna have your name on the cover, and no one else’s.

Mindy:   I agree, ultimately, it is a team effort, and you're the author. Every editor I've ever had has always said, It's your book. You make the final decisions. I will say, in addition to what we were talking about in terms of being absolute pantsers in many ways, I enjoy the flexibility that it gives me. Yes, there is some panic and yes, there are some days when I'm just like, I have no idea what I'm doing, I have come to trust my process because I've been doing it a long time, and I haven't had it fail me yet. One of the reasons why I do enjoy being a Pantser is because it allows for so much elasticity. So in my book, that will be coming out in 2023, a murder mystery in a small town, and it is a pairing - the unlikely duo of the valedictorian, and then the girl who is going to be the first person in her family to ever even graduate from high school. When I started writing the book and when I had written the synopsis, I turned it in with my main character, the good girl, being very much like a straight arrow and I follow the rules and I'm always doing the right thing, and there is value to being perfect. And I started writing it and man, she was angry, she was an angry person.

And I was like, Dude, this is not what I expected out of you. And she was just moving through the world with a very different internal monologue than what she was showing to people. She was a good girl, and she was behaving in that manner and checking all those boxes, but her internal monologue is like, No, fuck you, fuck you and fuck you. And I was just like, Wow, girl. So, you know, she changed and it ended up, I think, in so many ways, making the manuscript so much better, making that allowance and not having a lock in for even myself about what I'm gonna do or where I'm gonna take things. That's why I really enjoy being a panster.

Katie: Yeah, and I do think there is a benefit, particularly with mysteries, to being a little bit of a pantser, because so often your protagonist doesn't really know what's going on either. In Gideon Green, he is a former child detective who is coming out of retirement to solve a case with his former best friend. Part of his character arc is realizing that he does not know everything, and as the mystery takes them on twists and turns, I think it helps get me in the headspace of not really knowing what was going on, to legitimately not really know what was gonna happen.

Mindy:   I really enjoy that. So tell us a little bit more about Gideon Green.

Katie: This is an idea that I had a long time ago when I was a teenager myself. I was thinking about how much I loved Encyclopedia Brown as a kid, those books with that wonderful child detective. But I was thinking about how long would that be cool? Because everyone in the Encyclopedia Brown universe thinks he's like the coolest kid ever. But that has an expiration date at some point. That becomes a lot less cool and a lot more off-putting and weird. I had this idea for a one-time child detective who is now 16, and because no one thinks the whole child detective thing isn’t particularly cool anymore. He has retired and instead spends most of his time in his room watching noir, which he is fully obsessed with, until his former best friend who ditched him in middle school appears at his door, wanting his help on an investigation that she's doing for the school newspaper. So reluctantly, he comes out of retirement and chaos ensues. Which is how I feel like all of my books eventually get to the place where, just chaos ensues. 

Mindy:   Chaos ensues is the best way to pitch anything. You wrote this during the pandemic, right?

Katie: I did, I did. I was going back in my email trying to find the actual date that I pitched it, but I couldn't. To the best of my recollection, I first pitched this book to Ben on maybe February 28, and then a couple of weeks later, the world completely ended. I live in Manhattan. And the world felt like it completely collapsed from underneath me as I was just starting to write this book. And my memory of writing the opening chapters of this book is sitting in my tiny New York apartment and outside the streets are completely empty, which is very weird for New York and just constant, constant sirens. That's my memory of it. And obviously, I would have preferred to be writing under pretty much any other condition, and it was horrible, a really difficult experience to be writing what almost felt like a fantasy book. I would write a sentence about how two friends hugged in the cafeteria and just burst into tears because that felt so far away from the life that I was living and I didn't know when that life would come back.

It was very difficult, but I feel like having written it during that particular time fundamentally shaped the book and what it is about. Gideon starts off as a kid stuck in his room with really nothing going on in his life except watching movies, and that's pretty much where I also was in March 2020, not through my own choice. Over the course of the book, he realizes just how much you need other people and just how valuable and magical and life-giving human connection is, and I'm not sure that it ultimately would have had that focus as a book if I had not been writing it during that time.

Mindy:   And what were the difficulties for you in trying to write something, so it's a mystery with a very deep roots in humor, when you yourself are probably really not feeling all that chuckalicious?

Katie: It was tough, but in some ways it was really nice to just say, Okay, you're going into another headspace. You are inhabiting a world that does not resemble your own world at the moment. It was a form of escapism where it was like, Okay, everything sucks right now, life is not going well, put on your headphones and for the next hour, two hours, three hours, you can be somewhere else. That was really valuable for me, and something that I'm so glad that I had, and I'm so glad that I basically had to force myself to find the joy in this book and the humor.

Mindy:   My books of course are very dark, but they also have moments of humor because you can't just hit your head against a wall all the time, you have to have a break. I always have those flashes of humor. When I hear back from people about my books, very often what I'm hearing is - they spoke to me or thank you for writing this, and I appreciate any outreach whatsoever that anybody gives me. But when I know that I made someone laugh, especially in this environment like you're talking about, I specifically tried very hard with the book that will be coming out in 2023, called A Long Stretch of Bad Days, I tried very hard to make that one funny and not just in surprising moments. There's a particular character, any time she's on the page, you know that she is going to make you laugh, and I'm like, This is what we need right now. I'm still gonna be Mindy McGinnis and I'm still going to give you a book with lots of horrible things happening, but I'm gonna try to help you laugh a little bit, too. 

Katie: I feel like in some ways YA leans more heavily towards the dark and the issue books, and obviously those books are completely needed and so important. But teenagers are also some of the funniest people I interact with ever, and I think that they want humor, they deserve humor too. It just shouldn't be just for middle grade books or just for chapter books. Humor in YA is a much needed component.

Mindy:   I agree, it's funny because I was talking to, at the beginning of the month, Marcy Kate Connolly. She was telling me that I should write middle grade and I said, That's a horrible idea. And then, but you know, I can really write a fart joke. I'm really good with farts. And she was like, then you've got it. Like, you're good. You know what I'm also really good at is dick jokes. I don't know how many dick jokes you are allowed to write, I mean none in middle grade, but I'm sure there's also a cap on YA. My mind goes weird places sometimes. So, I don't know, Teenagers can be difficult because they want dick jokes, they want sex jokes. That is the funniest thing when you're that age and raunchy humor, and believe me, I am here for it, but I also can't write a whole book of dick jokes. Much like I can't write a whole book of fart jokes for middle grade, you gotta have a little more substance there.

Katie: I have not yet found what the limit is for dick jokes. I've always wondered if I'm going to approach it, but haven't yet. My first book, Heretics Anonymous has an extended dicke joke that I cannot believe anybody let me keep. And it so divides the room like I have had people tell me, it is the funniest part of the book, and I have also seen people abandon the book at that exact moment, which is also a compliment.

Mindy:   Well, you know what, that's okay. When that happens, I always say, You know what, I didn't write it for you then. A buddy of mine, his name is Kurt Dinan, he is from Ohio. He writes humor, his book with Sourcebooks is called Don't Get Caught, and it's about a prank war in high school. And it's fantastic, so fine, but he's got a running joke, it's kind of like the equivalent of... That's What She Said, but it's -  like my balls. So if somebody is picking something up they’ll be like, Oh my God, this is heavier than I thought it would be. And they'd be like, Yeah, like my balls. 

Katie: That is great. Just like inappropriate enough, I think that's the kind of stuff that teens are gonna laugh at, their parents might not, but you know. I will say that I've never had a teenager complain about language or dick jokes, I have had many parents complain and one time, a parent found my third book, which is about stand up comedy, in the public library. And she circled every single swear word or a reference to drugs. Posted it on Facebook, and it's just like, you know what, I am so sorry. Your child has heard all of these words before, I am not the one showing this to them for the first time. Your child watches Euphoria and Riverdale, like none of this is my fault, calm down. And also who writes in a library book? Like, Come on. I don't even mind her hating swearing. But she did it in pen too, if you do that to a library book, what's wrong with you?

Mindy:   Once again, if you hate that, then I didn't write this book for you and you are not my audience. You can be angry over there by yourself and go find someone that fits what you wanna read a little bit better. I don't want to read happily ever after romances. They piss me right the hell off because I've been divorced like twice. This projects an unrealistic view of monogamy.

Katie: You're not highlighting every kiss in the book, and returning it to the library. 

Mindy:   This is misleading people about the size of most men's penises as well. We should do that, we should just start a Facebook page where it's like things that are just so inoffensive, no one would have a problem with. Me, I got a problem with the size of dicks in romance books, because you know what, not the case. Danielle Steele really set me up to be disappointed that's all. Her and Jude Devereaux.

Katie: No one is still listening. This has been like five minutes of talking about dick jokes.

Mindy:   Alright, last thing, why don't you let listeners know where they can find you online and where they can find any of your books, but especially Gideon Green?

Katie: So you can find all four of my books, including Gideon Green in Black and White most places that books are sold. You can find me at my website, which is Katie Henry dot com. You can also find me on Twitter and Instagram. I have not yet gotten on TikTok, but you can find me on Twitter and Instagram.

Mindy: Writer Writer Pants on Fire is produced by Mindy McGinnis. Music by Jack Korbel. Don't forget to check out the blog for additional interviews, writing advice and publication tips at Writer Writer Pants on Fire dot com. If the blog or podcast have been helpful to you or if you just enjoy listening, please consider donating. Visit Writer Writer Pants on Fire dot com and click “support the blog and podcast” in the sidebar.

Harper Collins Editor Ben Rosenthal On the Editor / Author Relationship

Mindy: Welcome to an exclusive editor featured podcast here on Writer, Writer Pants on Fire. I'm your host, Mindy McGinnis. Today's editor guest is my own editor, Ben Rosenthal of Katherine Tegen books where he is a senior editor. Ben acquires mostly middle grade and YA fiction with select nonfiction graphic novels and picture books. He's worked with such award winning authors and illustrators as myself, Tiffany D. Jackson, Elliot Schrefer, Armand Baltazar and Frank Morrison. Prior to joining Katherine Tegen, Ben was an acquisitions editor at Enslow publishers where he edited nonfiction and middle grade fiction and created a teen fiction imprint, Scarlet Voyage. 

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Mindy: We're gonna start with the basics - what you like working with. I know obviously middle grade and YA but talk a little bit about what kinds of projects you really enjoy working with, and anything in particular that you're looking for at the moment or you would like to see more of.

Ben: I think about this a lot because I feel like my list as a whole is very eclectic because I have pretty wide ranging taste. I'm always worried if people feel like I'm too scatterbrained. For middle grade, I tend to like more fantastical adventures, epic stories where there are big worlds and sweeping adventures. My middle grade list is more fun basically, whereas my YA list is more fun in a different kind of way. And YA, it tends to be a lot more contemporary, dealing with some very serious ideas and distinct perspectives. I really like giving teens books that they can really sink their teeth into and explore, both individual ideas like things that affect the human condition, but then things that are talking about society as a whole. 

I'm really looking for distinct point of views. People of color, people from marginalized backgrounds where their stories haven't been told as often or as certainly as often as we need. I was thinking about this yesterday because I had an author in my office, Justin Reynolds whose book is coming out next year. And he was talking about his book, which is this YA novel that's kind of like Before I Fall meets Everything, Everything. It's like a time loop romance, which is sort of different I guess from my YA list. But it's amazing. It's about these two black characters. One of the things he was talking about how he really wanted to show a black family and just have it be about these kids. Race always informs the character's point of view. So they're black characters, but it's just a love story. I really like what he had to say about that. What I'm looking for now? I have no idea, frankly.

Mindy: It’s okay that way you're open, right?

Ben: I feel totally full. I am kind of open because I need to be head over heels in love with something to even really feel like I can take it on. I'm having a hard time nailing down exactly what it is I'd like to see because I - in addition to having a full list - I feel like I have a lot of different things. I have graphic novels. I have non fiction. I have a picture books, biographies. I'm just looking for something with a really strong voice that can either make me laugh or make me interested. 

Mindy: I realize that agents may not approach you with things they know you don't want. But what is something that you have seen too much of or something that just turns you off why

Ben: Fantasy? I mean, I don't read it, so that's part of it. It's something we publish a lot of at Harper and we publish a lot of it very successfully. I just feel like we already have a lot of really great editors who are seeking it out and publishing it really well, and a lot of brilliant authors. If I found something I was enamored with, it's not like I would eliminate it, but I don't need to add that to our list because we're already doing it really well. It's a really crowded area. There's a lot of it partially because there's a demand, clearly. Although recently I was having lunch with an agent and I said you know, what would be kind of cool is I’d love, like a really funny YA fantasy. I always feel like YA fantasies are so dark and heavy and don't tend to be funny. I don't know, I just think that that would be kind of refreshing.

Mindy: Like The Princess Bride

Ben: Yeah, like I feel like that would be pretty cool. 

Mindy: It's the hardest thing to do, right?

Ben: Yeah, it is hard. I mean you do it pretty well. But yeah, it's hard. It is not easy and it's funny too because even people who I'd say are actually good at it often still don't even make me audibly laugh a lot. It’s definitely always something I look for because as you're saying, it is so rare. I have a YA coming out in August called Heretics Anonymous, that's really funny and made me audibly laugh. I'm excited about that. I mean it's tough. Absolutely.

Mindy: Well, humor depends so much on delivery, facial cues and body language and you don't have that. You just have the text that you're putting in front of your reader. And I think that's a huge challenge for writers and I think specifically when that is your niche, you know, it doesn't matter what's going on in your life personally, if you are expected to deliver humor. you better be funny. 

Ben: Especially consistent humor, too. It's like some people can get a couple of good jokes in a book. Minor characters provide some comedic relief, but like to make a book consistently funny, chapter by chapter. It's really difficult. The book I mentioned is Heretics Anonymous, Katie Henry, she's a playwright. She starts her manuscripts with dialogue and her dialogue is just incredible. You know, not that you need to be a playwright to be funny obviously, but it's certainly it's helped her because her comedic timing is just really good. The dialogue feels very natural. I mean with film or tv, like how many truly funny shows or movies are there? Truly funny, where you like, laugh out loud. That's just a hard thing to do. 

Mindy: I will say Barry on HBO. 

Ben: I haven't watched it yet. 

Mindy: Extraordinarily funny. Brooklyn 99 is funny.

Ben: That is funny. Yeah, that's a good one. And with reading too, which is why it's even harder. Like if you watch a show or if you go to a movie and other people laugh, you laugh more. When I've gone to a comedy show I laughed more even if the jokes aren't as funny. It's just something about other people laughing that really helps. But when you're reading you're by yourself. So it has to be really funny for you to laugh because otherwise I don't know you just you don't do it. 

Mindy: It has to be completely spontaneous. It's difficult. If I laugh when I'm alone in a room. I'm just like, oh I just did that.

Ben: It feels weird. It's like, wait shouldn't have done that. What's happening here?

Mindy: I brought some social mores. Make note, Ben likes funny stuff.

Ben: I do. 

Mindy: In order to write humor, you actually have to be funny and not many people are actually funny.

Ben: It can't be forced. There's got to be some kind of organic quality to it where it doesn't feel like I'm trying to make you laugh on purpose. I'm just making you laugh because I happen to be funny. 

Mindy: I think a lot of people have a misconception of an editor's role. I'm often asked, especially by aspiring writers, if my editor ever makes me change things with my books. So can you talk a little bit about what an editor does with the manuscript and how they work with the author?

Ben: It's different from author to author, depending on the style the author wants to work in. When I'm writing an edit letter to an author, what I'm trying to do is ask as many questions as possible, because one of the reasons I'm doing that is because I'm trying to figure it out myself, too. And so my goal is to kind of look for the areas where I feel like we want to work on something, whether it be like this character is not quite working or there's a plot hole or it's not a strong enough through line. Pose questions to help both of us think about it. I do make some suggestions, but I'm very comfortable with an author being like no - I mean you certainly said no to me on many occasions. Sometimes we'll go back and forth because I really think something's important. 

But ultimately, like, I want the author to feel they've come to the decision on their own to do this or not do this because it's that person's book. I want to try to get it to be as best as it can be, as obviously the author does, but there comes a point where they need to be happy with what the words say and what the story is doing. So I always feel like that's my job is to try to get us and the author to really dig as deep as possible into the story, into the characters, into the plot and make sure we're answering all the questions that we want the story to answer. When a reader reads something, obviously they want to be entertained. But a lot of it is they end up thinking and reflecting about something and if something doesn't make sense, then that's always annoying. I write edit letters that way. Oftentimes after I send an edit letter, like we either set up a call to talk about it or just go back and forth on email. So I like to think of it as a dialogue because obviously there are many ways to do something, but it can be the most effective way to do this. I never make anyone change anything. 

Mindy: Right. Right. Well, and I think that's a huge misconception because I hear that a lot. I mean often when I am doing events, at libraries or if I'm at a festival and I'm doing a panel so many times I’m asked - Have you ever had to change anything that your editor made you change that you wish you hadn't changed? And there's this assumption that that has in fact happened and they want to hear that story and I'm like, no. I was like, if anything I buck my editor all the time and it's just like, that's how it works. It's very much a collaboration. I think they have the concept of the buck stopping with the editor and I'm sure that there probably are some editors that operate that way, but I can't imagine that they would be terribly successful. 

Ben: I mean, I don't know the closest thing you ever get to, like for me where I make someone change some things, I just feel really strongly about it. I'm going to present the argument for why. I think this will be a problem if we don't make this change. Usually we come to some kind of agreement about why the change should be made. But I wouldn't say that's making anyone do anything. If I can present a clear argument for why something should be some way and we agree to changing it, hat's a collaborative process. If I'm imposing my will on the book, I feel like that's just a dangerous game.

Mindy: Agreed. And I also think with my experience with you and with Sarah and with Ari my other editors that I've had has always been that if the editor sees something most of the time, honestly, the editors are right. And the author is too personally invested in a scene or a twist or a character quirk or whatever the case may be and they're just not seeing the issues or why it's a problem. Most of the time, my experience has been that the editors will say this isn't working, this is why I believe it's not working. And then they offer a solution. Usually I reject their solution, but I come up with my own and we parry back and forth until we have a solution that wasn't necessarily mine, it wasn't necessarily yours. But the initial issue of - this wasn't working for me - most of the time, I'll come around to seeing it. Not always, but a lot of the time and usually we come to a fix that is a result of mutual brainstorming. 

Ben: Yeah, exactly. And I think that's all, that's the goal is to make sure you can get to a place where the change feels very organic to what you wanted it to be. Sometimes it isn't what the editor suggests and it isn't exactly what you suggest, but it's something in the middle, somewhere on the spectrum of whatever that change is going to be. I think that works pretty well. Trust is such a big part of it. The more you can get on the same page as author and editor, usually the better you can work together.

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Mindy: Now as a former librarian, people often told me they were jealous of my job because I got to sit around and read all day, which was totally not the case. I'm sure that you do a lot of reading as part of your job, but it's only a single element. I know often you tell me that you read on the train to and from work. So what is your day like at the office? How much reading is actually done at the office? Take us through the day of an editor, basically.

Ben: I don't get to do a lot of reading at work. The morning is usually spent reading submissions on my phone because I get motion sick. So I have found that my phone is actually the best way to combat that on the train. The day, obviously it depends. There's usually some like amalgamation of meetings and emails, which is a lot of the day, frankly. You know, meetings with design to talk about covers or meetings with marketing, meetings with publicity. Think of it as kind of like a film director because you're at the center of everything and you're communicating. Like we talk to everyone. So we talk to management, the copy editors, we talk to production, we talk to design, we talk to marketing, publicity, sales. Within the company we’re the center of the project. You kind of need to be aware of every moving piece so that we can communicate that to the author. And so that the author can communicate that to us. I mean a huge part of the job is communication, verbal or written. I spend so much of my day talking to people. Probably it’s not what you'd imagine for an editor because it seems kind of like a sit at your desk, reclusive kind of job, I guess. And certainly there are parts of it like that. But it is amazing how much you spend your time talking or writing to people. 

Mindy: Lots of take home, I'd imagine then. 

Ben: So most of the editing I do is either in the evenings, on the weekends or I work from home one day a week and that is a very important day for me. 

Mindy: I’ll be writing while I'm traveling. I'll be promoting one book and writing another and people will say, how do you do that? How can you work like that when you're on the road and you're constantly moving? This is actually the best time for me to work because I have no other duties. Like, I can turn on the outside persona where I go and I'm doing the promotion. But I don't have to clean a house, I don't have to make any food, I don't have to mow a yard. Everything is taken care of for me. I can literally pick up a phone and have food brought to me. I'm being waited on hand and foot like in a hotel. This is the perfect time to write, when I'm on an airplane for 4-6 hours. People aren't talking to each other. This is the perfect time to write, this is the perfect time to get it done. For me, when I'm traveling, I actually find that to be some of my most productive times because I don't have other demands on my time other than email. Emails always. I mean, I answer email for 2, 2.5 hours every day, so I can imagine that yours is even worse. 

Ben: Yeah,it's a lot, it's a lot of email. One of the things I've been doing the last few months is when I do work at home, I get up at my normal time and I get to this coffee shop in our town by like, 6:30 and by 9:30 I feel like I've done a full day's work because it's just so rare to get, like, three hours totally uninterrupted. And I leave feeling like I've conquered the world because I found much I've accomplished in such a short amount of time. I was never a believer in like, people who went to coffee shops to work always felt kind of like, performative to me. But now I'm taking that back because it has really worked.

Mindy: One time in my life, I worked in a coffee shop. I was on the road and I was with a fellow author. I was with Liz Coley and she always works in coffee shops and we had three hours downtime in between appearances and we were already out of our hotel. We checked out. She's like, well, we'll just find a coffee shop inside. I was like, oh God. And then I'm like, yeah, ok, sure. I got my coffee and my little doughnut or whatever, and we sat down and by God, I kicked out a short story. 

Ben: Yeah, this works. That's why you should never judge anything until you've done it. 

Mindy: No, I've learned my lesson. People outside of publishing are always surprised when I tell them it takes 18 months to two years for a book to go from contracts to publication. They are just shocked. They're like, well, isn't it finished? And I'm just like oh, you don't understand. So what's the lifetime of a manuscript like from when it crosses your desk to publication day? 

Ben: The acquisition process at Harper, is pretty formal. When I get a submission that I love. I'll just send it to my boss, Katherine Tegen. And assuming she likes it, I bring it to an acquisitions meeting and that's where different people from the heads of the various departments are there and they've reviewed the material and we have a conversation about it. And depending on what the situation is, If I end up getting the book, it could be like a long time before you actually work on it, because you're balancing your own list. You're balancing the list at large. Well, we think about our own imprint list, and then we think about the Harper Children's list as a whole. Other kinds of factors you might think about for a book, like, if you're doing a series that would really have great Halloween promotion, like All right, well then it has to be on this particular season. Yeah, it could be three or 4 or 5 months before you actually sit down to edit the book. 

You know, the editorial process is a couple of months, sometimes three months, it depends how much work needs to be done. But that's just the back and forth we were talking about already. And then once a manuscript is done, you submit it to copy editing, there's the copy editing stage. And all while this is happening, like while we're working on it, having the cover designed and talking about that. You launch the book which is like this big meeting where editors get to present their titles to the whole division. The author gets to review the first past pages. Kind of get your last look at the designed interior. The book is proofread and marketing and publicity are working on their plans and you have galleys made and those get sent out and yeah, it's a long road. There's a lot that goes into it. Sales, they go on their sales calls. 

I mean that's part of the reason there is so much lead time is that sales needs time to sell into the stores. I believe publishing is still a little bit too slow. It feels like we could be a little bit quicker than we are now because it is such an old business. It still functions in a lot of ways, the way it used to and there's something kind of nice about that. But there's also something a bit frustrating about it because change is good. Even if it's hard. I'd say two years is a long time to go from contract to publication. But there are a lot of necessary steps that help get a traditionally published book into the right hands. And the way we're currently set up requires a lot of time.

Mindy: How many people would you say ballpark are involved in an individual title and the promotion of it from the editor down to the sales team?

Ben: It's a good question. I mean it's a lot. Editor, copy editor, managing editor, production editor, designer. And then often our design team is fantastic. And they usually find outside artists a lot of times, it's outside artists that they work with. You have potentially one or two or three design people, one marketing director. But usually they're helped by their whole team. You have a publicist. The sales is a team because you have your independent bookstore sales reps and they're kind of region by region. And then you've got B&N sales rep and your Amazon sales rep, and your Books A million sales rep, and your Follet, Ingram Baker and Taylor sales rep. And then you've got school library marketing and so yeah, there's a lot of hands on your book at various times. One of the reasons it does take so long is because we take a lot of care in making sure we publish the best possible book or product because so much goes into it. We want the art to look right, we want obviously the story to work, right? And it takes a lot of time.

Mindy: I think it's worth it as a writer. I actually enjoy, in some ways, that length of time because by the time my book is out, I am somewhat emotionally recovered from the book, if that makes sense. I'm no longer emotionally attached to it. It's not my brand new baby. It's got its own legs now. It can go walk itself out into the world. So I'm able to read reviews, professional reviews and I'm able to process things like that a little differently then when it's very, very fresh to you. It's like a wound in a lot of ways. Got to close a little bit. 

Ben: I kind of agree with that because sometimes when the book comes out, if I'm at a an event and I hear the author reading it or, I don't know, if I happen to just look at it myself. I'm like, oh yeah, I remember that part! I have to like, almost dig in again and it's kind of nice too because it's just like, oh man, this! I forgot about this, this is pretty awesome! This is exciting. 

Mindy: Absolutely. I feel the same way. Well, you know, I wrote the bulk of A Madness So Discreet, very fast in like three weeks. And I picked it up one time at a conference where I was on a panel and it was a big panel. There were like 10 or 12 people on the panel. So it would take a long time for things to come back around to me and I happen to have Madness in my lap. So I just kind of opened it and I was looking at it and I would read something, like that's pretty good, you know? And just be kind of taken aback and be like, oh, I completely forget writing that. I forgot that that happens. It's kind of fun to rediscover something that you yourself wrote. 

Ben: And there's a kind of fatigue when you work on something for so long. You're so deep into it, trying to make it as good as it can be. It's hard. It's hard work. Obviously, if you don't love the work, you probably wouldn't do it. But just because you love something doesn't mean it isn't hard. So it's that distance is helpful because it can kind of reignite the joy, allow you to take some pleasure in it. I mean, that's even hard still. Like it's hard sometimes to not be like, oh, we should have done that.

Mindy: I don't do readings very often because of the fact that I'll open up one of my books and I'll find a section and I'll start reading it. And most of the time I'm actually editing it as I read it, people would not be able to follow along because I'm changing words, I'm dropping things, I'm skipping paragraphs. Like why did I leave that paragraph in there? That's dumb. You know? And so people, aspiring writers ask me all the time, how do you know when a book is finished and it's like it's never finished. I could read a finished book of mine right now, I'd find things to change. 

Ben: I know. Yeah. It's affected the way I read in general. Like I was having this conversation just the other day with Katherine and another editor at Harper, talking about how reading for pleasure has become a challenge. I've had that really, had fallen into that plight. Especially I like to read middle grade and UA because obviously I like it, that's why I work on it. But also because I like to just see what other people are doing and read those books for fun. But also just to get a sense of, you know why it's working or why people love it so much when I read it, I can't help but kind of evaluate it. That's just annoying. I'm getting really annoyed with myself doing that because it's like I just want to read this for enjoyment's sake and kind of having a hard time I can't anymore.

Mindy: I actually had the same conversation with Adriann when I talked with her because I have that experience as a writer. Adriann has that experience from the point of view of an agent because she'll be reading something and she said she'll even think I wouldn't have sold it to that house, I would have taken it to this house. I think that editor would have done a better job. As a writer when I'm reading it, I'll catch echoes, that's my big thing. I'll be like, you just use that word, why are you using that word again? You're better than that, you know? And then always, just dialogue. I'm pulling apart dialogue. I'm assessing. I'm looking at pacing, I'm not just reading the book. A book has to be extraordinary to actually transport me at this point because I am no longer just a reader and it is a very frustrating thing because this is one of my hobbies, this is something that I do for fun. This is a huge element of who I am and it has been contaminated in some ways by work.

Ben: You know, It's so true, so true. One of our editorial assistants, she's a big comics and graphic novel fan and I acquired a graphic novel like a year ago or something. And I've read them a lot as a kid, I read comics a lot as a kid. I had been away from them for a long time and I I really like them and I read them sporadically. But it was fun. I actually really got to read this because I want to really kind of understand the craft of graphic novel. She was like, well you should read Saga. I think it's incredible. It's pretty high sci fi fantasy which isn't necessarily my thing, but it's hilarious. Like it's really funny. 

Mindy: I found myself watching more tv than reading because it's not a medium I can really pick apart because I don't know anything about It.

Ben: I think too, I just get fatigued from reading in general. I do it so much for work that when I get home. I mean there are times where I really do want to read a book, there's something I'm excited to read. But I'm usually so tired that I'll read like 10 pages and I’m done.

Mindy: I actually get migraines now. I'm at this point in my life. Well I started getting them in college because I had to read so much but I just get eyestrain and I get migraines from reading too much. And that's one of the reasons why whenever I'm asked for a blurb I always ask for an ARC or a bound galley instead of an e book because when I am scrolling and I'm tracking with my eyes and I've got the backlight, I'll go to migraine within an hour if I'm not super careful. Even the paper white and all the things that Kindle has tried to do to make it better for your eyes, I can't do it. 

Ben: And because I read on my phone and the print is pretty small. I don't really like to read on my Kindle either when I read at home, it's always a book. 

Mindy: What about audio books? Have you tried audio for pleasure? 

Ben: I used to do that a lot actually, I found that I did not realize I had stopped paying attention and so I would have to either go back or just be like, all right, well, I missed something. Hopefully it won't be a big enough deal for me to know what's going on. So, I had an Audible account for a while. You know, I did enjoy it, but it felt like a chore. It became a chore to me because like, all right, well, I gotta listen to this book in a month because then I get my next credit. Do I want a long book because then I have to really make sure I listen to the whole thing and if I do a short book, is that really worth the credit then? And I don't know, it became annoying. I really like podcasts and that's much easier. So I cancelled my account. I mean, I like audio books and the media might kind of be enjoyable but I wanted it to be an enjoyable experience. So once it started feeling like a chore was like, yeah, this doesn't work for me. 

Mindy: I will say the one thing with audio books that happens to me is that I will, you're talking about zoning out if I'm on a plane, I'll fall asleep. When I'm driving, obviously I can't fall asleep, but when I am on a plane I will fall asleep and I will wake up and one time I don't remember what book I was listening to, but I had fallen asleep and I woke up and I looked at my phone and I had been asleep for about half an hour and I didn't really miss anything and I was like, oh this pacing is pretty off.

Ben: You’re judging it again, right?

Mindy: It’s hard to still be able to participate in a hobby that you enjoy when it's your job as well. So yeah ups and downs of truly loving your job. I guess. 

Ben: I was listening to Jerrod Carmichael, the comedian, he was asked what comedians do you like? or  what are you watching? And he was saying, nothing really. He wasn't saying like there's no one funny, similar to the kind of what we're talking about, like that's not what he gets his enjoyment out of. He's evaluating it and I feel like any time you're really immersed in something so deeply and it's the work you do and it's not just the work you do, but it's your passion. Like you really care about it, you really want what you're making to mean something. Mean something to kids to really have an impact on them. It becomes such a big part of your life that doing that thing for pleasure, obviously it's going to become a little bit more difficult because you're just so immersed so you can't just turn off that part of your brain and be like, no, no, no, this is - remember, this is for fun right now.

Mindy: Writer Writer Pants on Fire is produced by Mindy McGinnis. Music by Jack Korbel. Don't forget to check out the blog for additional interviews, writing advice and publication tips at Writer Writer Pants on Fire dot com. If the blog or podcast have been helpful to you or if you just enjoy listening, please consider donating. Visit Writer Writer Pants on Fire dot com and click “support the blog and podcast” in the sidebar.

Caroline Zancan On the Editor & Writer Relationship

Mindy:             Today's guest is Caroline Zancan, author of the novel Local Girls, as well as her latest, We Wish You Luck. She's a graduate of Kenyon College and holds an MFA from the Bennington Writing Seminars. A senior editor at Henry Holt, she lives in Brooklyn with her husband and their Children. Caroline joined me today to talk about the unique mix of art and business that is the publishing industry. 

Ad:                   This episode of Writer Writer Pants on Fire is sponsored by Personal Revolution podcasts.

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Mindy:             Your new book is called We Wish You Luck, and it is very much about the creative world, creative people, how creativity and our own personal projects can become such a drive. At the same time, being very much also a story about female friendships. So if you could talk for a little bit as an introduction about We Wish You Luck. 

Caroline:          Yes, so We Wish You Luck is about an MFA program, a low residency MFA program, which means that students kind of come to campus for these residences that are 10 days long, and they come for residency twice a year. And then they do their long term writing projects off campus and kind of have, like, correspondence with Professor at the times in between. And so it's kind of a little bit like camp. It's almost like writer's camp. This novel is narrated by one class of this MFA program.

Something terrible happens to a member of their class and they only know little bits and pieces of the story through rumor, through gossip, through little bits of conversations that various members of the class had overheard. And they're kind of coming together to piece it together because, you know, they're only on campus ten days a year. 

Some of story happens off campus and in between residencies. So it's all kind of happening just beyond their line of vision and their line of knowledge until they kind of need each other to tell the story. So they end up working together to tell it instead of competing with one another the way that writers often do in writing programs. 

 Mindy:             And can you talk for a little bit about that arena of competition. Because it is there. And I think that's an interesting thing to mention. It's not only present in MFA programs, either. Obviously, that is a smaller arena. But in the broader world of publishing, competition is something that, or at least comparison, is certainly something that happens often. So if you could talk a little bit about that mindset within an MFA program, but then also in the broader scope of publishing, 

Caroline:          I have an MFA myself. And as soon as I got on the campus, it was just so apparent how badly everybody wanted to be good at this thing that it is very hard to be good at. Um, I find writing to be the hardest thing I've ever tried to do. Creative writing, storytelling. There's so many ways to get it wrong. Um, and so it's just kind of like thankless, hard thing to do, and they're on these campuses are people who want it so passionately, so badly, even though it doesn't always make a lot of money. And it can take years of working and grueling over something before it's even has a shot at publication and, you know, wanting anything that badly that's such a long shot can read bad behavior in anybody.

But at the same time, it was so clear that this impulse was coming from a good place. They wanted to write something good because they had been moved or their lives have been changed by something else that had been written beautifully written by somebody else. Anyone who's a writer, even people who aren't writers who are just readers or aspiring writers, you know, can think of a book or a poem or a set of lyrics that completely grabbed them and just shook them up as a person and completely changed who they are. And having that kind of profound experience oftentimes makes people want to have the same effect on somebody else through their writing. There is this competition, but it only comes from wanting to create a wonderful experience for someone else. 

Mindy:             Moving that then out into the world of publishing. I know that many people outside of the industry have this idea of the writer as a creature that doesn't actually exist. Completely solitary an isolated individual, that is, you know, kind of a manic creative, but also always rich. And the reality is that only 1% of published writers actually can live off of their income. So is that something that you can like address a little bit as far as competition In terms of success.

Caroline:          That's funny. Success is a funny word in writing, because what what really measures success? There's getting an agent it's so hard to do, and then getting published is really hard to do and then having it be well received critically, it's really hard to do. And then, you know a different measure of success is like selling a bajillion copies Is your goal to change one person's life by having written something beautifully that you're connecting with one soul? 

I personally write, because I just can't not. Like even if I knew no one was going to read what I wrote, I would do it just because it brings me to life in a way that very few things do. Like, there's nothing that puts me in a better mood than just like an hour of really immersed thought and work in a project that has legs. It's just, you know, sometimes the words come and sometimes they don't and a one hour session during which the words like really come, like that's so invigorating and enlivening. It's just incredible.

I would never discourage anyone from writing like, I think writing is so good for the soul. But at the same time, like there's no reason to write, except for because you have to, or you feel like you have a story to tell, or you enjoy it Like if you're doing it to get rich or to get famous, even to have it be your steady income to live. I wouldn't recommend putting all your eggs in your basket for that.

You know, I am an editor by day, and I've read so many brilliant manuscripts that are beautifully written that just there's no market for them or the publishing house doesn't have a vision for how they can break this book out to the people who want to read it. So editors are really buying books not only that, they love, what they think they have a vision for how to sell on market. Even being great is not always, like guarantee that great things are gonna happen to a book, which I don't mean at all to be discouraging. 

It's just like you have to write something, um, kind of with that in mind, knowing that you're writing it because you want to write it and there might be, you know, even if it's only a handful of people who need to hear this, you're putting it out there so that those three or five or 100 people can hear it. And in that reality and in this kind of world, you just have to think of success in different ways. 

Mindy:             It is a hard thing to say. It's a hard thing for people to hear, but it's still true, and that needs to be said. One of the reasons I blog and one of the reasons I started this podcast was because I, too, was someone you know, 15 years ago, I had this idea that if I got published, everything was going to be fine. Your life is magically changed. 

Well, you know, move forward like 15 years and you know, I am able to work from home. I am a full time writer and that's awesome. I wouldn't trade it for anything. I am not complaining, but it is a constant hustle. It is not just my book in come that is what I live off of. You know, I'm always traveling. I'm always doing appearances. I'm speaking. I am teaching. I have the blog and the podcast, those are monetized. 

Like everything. It's a constant, constant hustle, looking for contests to put your stuff into that will pay, looking for -  I do editorial work, freelance on the side. I make it, but it is constant. I think that it's important for writers to know that.

I want to pop back to something else that you said that I think is inspiring. You said that you would write anyway, you write because you have to and I love that statement. I also write because I have to. I was attempting to get an agent for 10 years. It took me 10 years and five manuscripts before I got an agent, and at one point I was like - I quit. You know, I'm gonna go, I have a bachelors. I was like, I'm gonna go get my master's in something a little more applicable so I could make a living wage and go do something else for a living and kind of give up on this dream of writing.

And so I did. I told myself multiple times I quit. But just because I quit trying to get published, it didn't mean that stories stopped happening in my head. And so once, once they were there, I might as well write them down. And once they're finished, I might as well try to get it published. And once I changed that mindset is when I became successful. 

Caroline:          I'm not surprised to hear that. I feel like that happens for a lot of people -  that's, you know, a familiar story. I also even now, having published two novels, I tell myself that the thing that I'm working on right now, like this is for me. Maybe I'll share it one day maybe I won't. I'm writing this story right now to see where it goes. I might finish it and then put it in a drawer for six months and take it back out and be like, this needs to stay in the drawer and let me go write something else or conceive of this other story and put it all together and maybe I'll decide. Okay, to show it to my agent and see what you think you know kind of go from there. But I think that if too many hands are on something to early you have too many grand, like final plans for something before it is what it is. It just kind of stops it from getting to be what it is trying to become. I think you have to kind of let something become what it is before you decide where it's gonna go, where it's gonna end up in what's to become of it. 

Mindy:             That's a great point because the actual creative process is organic. You can fiddle with it yourself. You can force things. You can, you can do certain things to make it less organic if you choose to. But the actual process itself is organic. Publishing is not. That is a business. And so as soon as you are looking at what you have produced as something that can be marketed. It has changed. It is no longer a work of art. It's a product to be sold, and that changes the way you look at it and how you interact with it. 

Caroline:          And also, like publishers, are businesses, you know. At the end of the day like, I think it is kind of the halfway point between art and commerce. There's a P&L for every book that is published by the Big Five, which isn't to say they don't care about great literature. They absolutely do. And you know they I think, you know, as someone who's part of this industry and most of my community and like my peers, my colleagues and my closest friends are also part of this community, and we are for the most majorly English major nerds

We didn't go into it as business majors like we got into it for books, and the love of books, and it's like not the highest paying industry and we're there because we love the books. But at the end of the day, like when I read a manuscript, my first question is like, Do I love it? That's always the first question. But then the second question is like, Do I know how to publish this? And then the third question is like, Does my company publish this kind of book well, or is it better suited for a different house? So it's not just, you know, which book is the one that had the prettiest writing? Uh, because it's just, you know, it is a business, and the business is kind of reacting to the marketplace. What people are buying. People don't always want quiet, beautifully written stories, right? 

Mindy:             And you were saying earlier, What determines success? What's your definition of success? And you mentioned awards and great reviews and things like that. And then you also mentioned selling a bazillion copies. And sometimes in fact, my experience, often times those are two separate things. 

Caroline:          They are. I think they are separate things. The third thing, seeing a Goodreads review or getting an email from someone being like, Oh my gosh, or instagram post its like - this book made my day or was such great company during you know, it's been a few posts like this was my pandemic reading like it kept me occupied. Like I do it to connect with other human beings. I think that it's the great connector between people who will never otherwise be in touch with one another. And so that's so largely off the page and unseen like I, if someone could be reading my book right now when I would have no idea because reading is something that generally happens in private on the individual basis. So when you do, like, get that connection or the reinforcement that it's happening, it's a really lovely, beautiful thing.  

Mindy:             Agreed. And as a writer, you get those e mails, you get those tweets, you get those instagram posts, and sometimes it can be what keeps you going through your day. 

Caroline:          Totally. Totally. It just makes you feel like Okay, somebody... I feel heard like somebody out there heard what I had to say. It's like that for me. That's enough.  

Mindy:             Coming up. Being both an author and an editor and the often misunderstood author editor relationship. 

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Mindy:             So you mentioned the pandemic. Obviously, we're all in it, and I myself follow the publishing industry pretty closely just to see what's going on. I'm really curious, like, what do you see as an editor? How do you see publishing being impacted in the immediate, obviously, but also then, like long term, What's the tail on this? 

Caroline:          I mean, it's so hard to say, because we still don't know. Everyday, it changes every day. The news is different and giving us a different timeline, publishing kind of, it feels like a very safe, comfortable, inviting group of people to work with. I trust that my company is gonna keep me safe and not call us all back to work before it's safe to get on a subway in New York City again. So I have that trust, but so I think that that means we're probably, you know, gonna err on the side of going back later. But what that means in terms of the calendar, I have no idea. 

But I can say I am impressed by how quickly we have gotten up and running just remotely. Like we're still here. We're still open for business. I'm still reading submissions. Agents are still sending submissions out, I think throughout the history of the written word and books, the way that people read and the way that people make books has changed. The format books are read and the the way that people decide which books are going to be made and how they make them is always evolving. But there I think that the way we hunger for, and that way we value stories has stayed consistent, like, I think, as a culture and a society. We've always agreed that this is something we value now more than ever. This is important, like we're here, we want to be publishing books, books aren't going away on, and we're just trying to keep up with how that looks like in practice rather than in theory. 

Mindy:             Yeah, and I'm interested to see because audiobooks, of course, absolutely exploded in recent times, and a lot of that is due to the average American commute. So with so many of us not commuting anymore, I'm really interested to see if there's a medium shift. 

Caroline:          I think it's too early to say that. There will be like short term trends and long term ones, but I'm curious as you are.  

Mindy:             So let's talk about being a writer and being an editor at the same time. What's it like being on the other side of the desk? 

Caroline:          I like to think that being a writer myself makes me a more empathetic editor. It's very vulnerable making to put your work out into the world. It's hard to really grasp how vulnerable making it is until you've actually been through it. So I'm more of a Mama bear editor, I think, having been on the other side of it, I also really love the process. Like I love the editor writer relationship on either end. Like I believe in the editing process. Some writers don't like to be edited, especially ones that are really established. 

I actually have gone the opposite way, like the further along I've gotten in my career. The more I'm like, yes, this is needs to be a group project I'm like, actually more loath to finally let go of a manuscript. Yes, this is actually ready to go out into the world they like, want to discuss it even more. Just in general, I love that back and forth between the writer and editor in the collaboration, whether I'm giving the suggestions or incorporating them.  

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Mindy:             My editor is Ben Rosenthal at Katherine Tegan Books, and we've been together for oh boy, I want to say six books now, possibly seven. We've been together a long time, I trust Ben. A lot of people outside of the industry and especially aspiring writers misjudge the editor writer relationship. Whenever I'm teaching or if I am doing a presentation to the general public, I generally get that question - Has there ever been anything that your editor made you change? And I'm just like, Dude, your editor doesn't make you do anything. Yeah, I mean, a real editor, anyway. I mean, I have heard one or two horror stories, but few and far between. It truly is a collaboration, and that's something that is, I think, greatly misunderstood.  

Caroline:          I mean, an editor's job's really to like to protect the writer from the public. I think more than anything, the way that I look at it, actually. Here's how this is coming across, maybe you mean it to come across this way. Here's what's on the page and here's the takeaway from it. If you want that to be the experience and you want me to have that question, great. If you didn't want me to have that question and you wanted me to know X or Y, you should put that in there somewhere. It's to me... I just want to make sure my writer's expectation of how a reader is perceiving something are absorbing something matches the way that reader actually is. 

Mindy:             And it's very easy as an author because you have a preconceived notion of what that character's motives are, what they're thinking, how they meant what they said, what their action is supposed to represent. But it might not actually be on the page. It's called Manuscript Blindness. That's something I deal with a lot. Just as a freelance editor, I will have someone say, Well, this character is supposed to be this certain way, and I'm like, Really? Cause it's not on the page. I don't see it at all. That's not how I interpreted it.

Caroline:          I feel like there's such a gap between what's in a writer's mind and what's on the page. So it's like, really, that's just what the editor's job is to close that gap. 

Mindy:             And I think too, having those relationships with your editor, it is interesting because once you've worked with someone on more than a handful of books, they know you, they know how you operate. They know your strengths and they knew your weaknesses. And without exception, every time that I have sent a manuscript off to Ben. I already know what my edit letter is going to say because I know my own weaknesses. I know what they are, but that it doesn't make it any less frustrating when I actually get the letter right and it's and it says exactly what I knew it would say. And I'm just like Mindy, you already knew that you already knew that. Why didn't you just fix it on your own? 

Caroline:          Well, sometimes, too. They are like a 1,000,000 different ways to fix something, right? So I feel like the editors job is also to be like, Here's the thing I'm noticing. Here are 10 different ways you can fix it and you can choose any one of these 10 ways. You can choose any combination of these ten ways, or you can come up with an 11th completely different way to change all that. Sometimes I as a writer at least need to like go through the 10 ways to fix it that are not the right way to land on the right way. You know, I need to, like, walk through all the potential solutions before I can figure out exactly what the fix is. Even if you knew kind of what you were saying, you knew where the problem lied in your manuscript, the conversation that exists or lies in the editor's letter back to you helps you kind of find that fix.  

Mindy:             It does. I absolutely agree. Why don't you, last thing, tell us where people can find you online and connect with you on social media and also where they can find the book, We Wish You Luck.  

Caroline:          I will start with the last part. I think the book is is available wherever books are sold or your favorite local Indy, Barnes and Noble Online. I know that a lot of the Barnes and Noble's are closed right now, but they're still definitely shipping books online. Amazon, of course. I think that there are like delays everywhere because of closing.

But I think it's more important now than ever to be buying books because you know, we want bookstores to be able to open when all this is over, even if you don't want to buy my book by someone else's book. So please buy a book that doesn't have to be mine. And then I'm on Twitter and Instagram. I'm a more active instagram er Caroline Zancan is my name is my Twitter handle and then CarolineZancan82 is my instagram handle. So please, I'd love to hear from you. And everyone stay well and reading. It's a great way to pass these weird, strange, lonely days.